Microbiology intro

1. Decomposition

2. Aids in Digestion of food

3. Plays role in nitrogen cycle

4. Used in making food/medicine

​

bENEFITS OF BACTERIA

​​HARMFUL EFFECTS OF BACTERIA

1. Spoil food

2. Produce harmful or damaging toxins

3. Cause shortage of oxygen in lakes when “blooms” occur

4. Cause diseases

1. Coccus- circular

2. Spirilla- spiral

3. Bacillus- rod shaped

SHAPES of BACTERIA

​

Bacteria are named by how they are grouped together and use these prefixes:

1. DIPLO- 2x

2. STREPTO- string

3. STAPHYLO- cluster

​

​

Most bacteria like to group together in special arrangements.

Arrangements for bacteria

STRUCTURAL FEATURES

OF BACTERIA

1. PROKARYOTIC CELL

   1. NO TRUE NUCLEUS

2. UNIQUE DNA ​

   1. MAIN ​CIRCULAR STRAND in nucleoid region

   2. SMALL PLASMIDS that contain a few genes

MICROBIOLOGY

​3. THREE CELL BOUNDARIES

• STICKY CAPSULE

• CELL WALL

• CELL MEMBRANE

During unfavorable growth conditions, bacteria forms an ENDOSPORE to protect its nucleoid region.

• The DNA is protected with a multi-layered hard covering so that the bacteria can enter a dormant state.​

• When King Tutankhamen's tomb was opened, many people at the site became sick. It was believed to be a result of King Tut's curse.

  • Scientists speculated that endospores which had been buried for 3000 years became viable.

endospores

​