Cum Clauses

because or since

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Cum simus amici, te iuvabo.

Since we are friends, I will help you.​

Some text here about the topic of discussion

when or while

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Cum puero sim, ludebam in agris.

When I was a boy, I used to play in the fields.​

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Some text here about the topic of discussion

although or even though

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Cum modo puero essem, pater iussit me pugnare.

Even though I was only a boy, my father ordered me to fight.

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Some text here about the topic of discussion

when or while

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Cum ientaculum edebam, labiam mordi.

When I was eating breakfast, I bit my lip.

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Some text here about the topic of discussion

*This is the only type that uses indicative verbs.

If the cum clause is in the past (before the other clause), it will be subjunctive/circumstantial, but if it is future or at the same time, it will be indicative.

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This is only important to remember if you are writing in Latin. If translating, just say "when" and move on!​

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