Types of Reactions and Predicting Products

I don't care if y'all didn't learn it❤️​

​N/B: It does not matter which product is written first (I think that's what my teacher said).

There are 8 types of reactions

1. Synthesis reactions

2. Decomposition reactions

3. Single displacement (replacement) reactions

4. Double displacement (replacement) reactions or ionic precipitation reactions​

5. Neutralization reactions

6. Combustion reactions

7. Reversible reactions

8. Oxidation –reduction reactions (Redox reactions)*​

Synthesis (combination) reaction

When two or more reactants combine to form a single product.​

A + B = AB​

decomposition reaction

When a single reactant is broken into two or more products.​

• ​This can be carried out by:

  • ​heating the compound (thermal decomposition)

  • by passing an electric current through the compound in the liquid state or dissolved in aqueous solution (electrolysis).

​AB = A + B

NaCl = Na + Cl​

Single displacement (rePlacement) reaction

​When an element in its free state displaces another element from a compound. A more reactive element always displaces a less reactive element (refer to electrochemical series).

• There are two types:​

  • ​A metal may displace the hydrogen from an acid.

  • A metal may displace another metal from a compound.

random

For the previous question there was no subscript on the chloride <3

• ​When two compounds that are in a solution react and there is a displacement in both compounds where each exchange ions to form an insoluble solid and another soluble compound.

• First and last ions go together + inside ions go together​.

​AgNO₃(aq) + NaCl(s) = AgCl(s) + NaNO₃(aq)

neutralization reaction

​When an acid reacts with an alkali (base) and a salt and water forms.

​​2KOH + H₂SO₄ → K₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

​

​

N/B: All alkalis are bases, but not all bases are alkalis.​

Alkalis are soluble, compounds that aren't alkalis but are bases are insoluble​.

​

combustion reactions

• A hydrocarbon (like methane, ethane, propane, and butane) reacts with oxygen gas.​

• This is also called burning.

• ​In order to burn something you need the 3 things in the “fire triangle”:

  1. ​Fuel (hydrocarbon)

  2. Oxygen

  3. Something to ignite the reaction (spark)

combustion reactions Cont

• Products are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water (although incomplete burning does cause some by-products like carbon monoxide)

C₅H₁₂ + O₂ ---> CO₂ + H₂O​

​

​

• A reaction which doesn’t achieve completion and the products of the reaction can react to reform the original reactants.​

​AB ---> A + B

A + B ---> AB​

• In many reversible reactions, the reaction contains a mixture of reactants and products because it proceeds in both direction at the same time.

• ​Most reactions can only proceed in one direction so they are not reversible.

During an oxidation-reduction reaction, one reactant is oxidised and the other is reduced.​

​CuCl2 + Zn ---> ZnCl2 + Cu

• Zn was oxidized​ while Cu was reduced.

Some text here about the topic of discussion

• ​Zn (zinc) was oxidized as its oxidation number went from neutral (0) in its free (atomic or elemental) state to (+2) in the compound.

• ​Cu was reduced as its oxidation number went from (+2) in the compound to Neutral (0) in its free (atomic or elemental) state.

Some text here about the topic of discussion