REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND

​1. Tường thuật câu trần thuật (statements)

- DÙNG say hoặc tell để tường thuật

- Thường bắt đầu bằng: He said that…. / she said to me that…/ they told me that….,

eg: She said, “I’m happy to see you again”

à She said that she was happy to see me again

    She said to me that she was happy to see me again

   She told me that she was happy to see me again

​2. Tường thuật câu hỏi (questions)

a. Đối với câu hỏi trực tiếp (Wh-question)

- Thường bắt đầu bằng: He asked (me) …/ He wanted to know…/ She wondered….

Eg: She asked, “What is his job?”                          à She asked what his job was.

     They asked me, “Where did you have lunch?” à They asked me where I had lunch.

b. Đối với câu hỏi “Yes – No” hoặc câu hỏi lựa chọn “Or”

- Phải thêm từ “if/whether” để mở đầu câu tường thuật

Ex:  She asked, “Are you a teacher?”                                  à She asked him if/whether he was a teacher

      They asked me, “Do you want to go or stay at home?” à  They asked me if/ whether I wanted to go or stay at home.

- Câu hỏi đuôi được tường thuật giống câu hỏi Yes/No nhưng bỏ phần đuôi phía sau

EX: She asked, “You will stay here, won’t you?”             à She asked me if/whether I would stay there.

​3. Câu tường thuật với “infinitive”:

a. Tường thuật cõu mệnh lệnh, yờu cầu (Imperatives / Commands or Requests)  dựng cấu truc: tell/ ask/ request/ order somebody (not) to do something

Eg: “Read carefully before signing the contract,” he said.

==> He told me to read carefully before signing the contract)

      “The commander said to his soldier, "Shoot!"              

==> The commander ordered his soldier to shoot.

      “Please talk slightly,” they said.                                  

   ==> They requested us to talk slightly.

      “Listen to me, please”                                                     

==> He asked me to listen to him. .

​b. Tường thuật lời khuyên (Advice) dùng cấu trúc: advise somebody (not) to do something

Lời khuyên: - Had better, ought to, should, must

                    - Why don’t you + V?

                    - If I were you, I’d (not) + V…

Eg: “Why don’t you take a course in computer?” my teacher said to me.

==>  My teacher advised me to take a course in computer

​c. Tường thuật lời mời (Invitation) dùng cấu trúc: invite somebody to do something

Eg: “Would you like to have breakfast with me?” Tom said to me. 

à  Tom invited me to have breakfast with him.

d. Tường thuật lời cảnh báo (warn) dùng cấu trúc:

warn somebody (not) to do something

      “Don’t touch the red buttons,” said the mom to the child.

à  The mom warns the child not to touch the red buttons

e. Tường thuật lời nhắc nhở (reminders) dùng cấu trúc:

remind somebody to do something

“Don’t forget to turn off the lights before leaving,” Sue told me

à Sue reminded me to turn off the lights before leaving

​. Tường thuật lời động viên (encouragement) dùng cấu trúc:

encourage / urge somebody to do something

“Go on, take part in the competition,” said my father

à My father encouraged me to take part in the competition

g. Tường thuật lời cấu khẩn dùng cấu trúc: beg/implore somebody to do something

“Do me a favor, please,” said the servant to his master à The servant begged/implored his master to do him a favor.

h. Tường thuật lời đề nghị, tự nguyện (offers) dùng cấu trúc: offer to do something

Lời đề nghị: - Shall I + V

                    - Would you like me + to V

                    - Let me + V

Eg: Mary said to Ann, “Shall I get you a glass of orange juice?”   à Mary offered to get Anna a glass of orange juice.

      “Shall I bring you some tea?” He asked  à   He offered to bring me some tea