IONIC BONDING_MELSCI

1. Explain how ions form.

2. Determine the binary ionic compounds' chemical formula or name from the given ions or metal and nonmetal.

3. ​​Recognize the ionic compounds based on their properties.

​Ion - an atom that has either lost or gained electrons. hence, it is a particle with a charge.

​Cation - a positively charged ion

​Anion - a negatively charged ion

​Ions are formed when neutral atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve stability or to have 8 valence electrons.

​Metals lose their electrons. Nonmetals gain electrons.

​1) A nonmetal atom, due to its high electronegativity and electron affinity, pulls the valence electrons of a metal atom resulting to a metal becoming a cation and the nonmetal atom an anion.

​2) The two ions attract each other due to electrostatic force.

​STEP 1

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Write the symbol for the metal and its charge, followed by the symbol of the nonmetal and its charge.

​Aluminum is located at Group 3A, thus, it is capable of losing 3 electrons. After losing 3 electrons, it is no longer an atom but an ion with a chemical symbol, Al⁺³

​STEP 2

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Make the magnitude of the charge of each ion (without the sign) become the subscript for the other ion.

​STEP 3

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If possible, reduce the subscripts to give a ratio with the smallest whole numbers.

​2 STEPS:

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​1. State the name of the metal.

​2. State the root name of the nonmetal and end it with -ide.