Engineering Management - Topic 7

• Determine the factors contributing to motivation

• Presenting the theories of motivation

• Identify the techniques of motivation

the process of activating behavior, sustaining it, and directing it toward a particular goal

1. Willingness to do a job

2. Self-confidence in carrying out a task

3. Needs satisfaction

• ​Satisfiers or motivation factors

• ​Dissatisfiers or hygiene factors

• ​Expectancy – belief about likelihood or probability that a particular behavioral act (like attending training sessions) will lead to a particular outcome (like promotion)

  Valence – the value an individual places on the expected outcomes or rewards.

1. A combination of forces within the individual and in the environment determines behavior

2. People make decisions about their own behavior and that of organizations

3. People have different types of needs, goals, and desires.

4. People make choices among alternative behaviors based on the extent to which they think a certain behavior will lead to a desired outcome

1. goal content

2. goal commitment

3. work behavior

4. feedback aspects

Fitting People to Jobs

1. realistic job previews

2. job rotation

3. limited exposure

4. ​

Fitting  Jobs to People

1. job enlargement

2. job enrichment

1. Extrinsic

​2. Intrinsic

1.       it must satisfy individual needs

2.       the employees must believe effort will lead to reward

3.       rewards must be equitable

4.       rewards must be linked to performance

1.       setting goals

2.       making decisions

3.       solving problems

4.       designing and implementing organizational changes

1. quality control circles

2. ​self-managed teams

1.       profit sharing or gain sharing plan

2.       a long term employment relationship with good job security

3.       a concerted effort to build and maintain group cohesiveness

4.       protection of the individual employee’s rights

1.       flexible work schedules

2.       family support services

3.       sabbaticals