Metabolism depends on a constant supply of energy from food.

Metabolism uses all of an organism's resources.

Metabolism consists of all the energy transformation reactions in an organism.

Metabolism manages the increase of entropy in an organism.

catabolism (catabolic pathways)

anabolism (anabolic pathways)

metabolism

dehydration

They are usually spontaneous chemical reactions.

They consume energy to build up polymers from monomers.

They release energy by degrading polymers to monomers.

They decrease the entropy of the organism and its environment.

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

The entropy of the universe is decreasing.

The entropy of the universe is constant.

Energy cannot be transferred or transformed

anabolic reactions

hydrolysis

digestion

catabolic reactions

If the entropy of a system increases, there must be a corresponding decrease in the entropy of the universe.

If the entropy of a system decreases, there must be a corresponding decrease in the entropy of the universe.

If entropy of a system decreases, there must be a corresponding increase in the entropy of the universe.

Each chemical reaction in an organism must decrease the total entropy of the universe.

Energy from catabolism can be used directly for performing cellular work.

ADP + i are molecules that store energy for catabolism.

ATP is a molecule that acts as an intermediary to store energy for cellular work.

i acts as a shuttle molecule to move energy from ATP to ADP.

Hydrolysis of ATP provides an input of free energy for exergonic reactions.

ATP provides energy coupling between exergonic and endergonic reactions.

Hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate group from ATP stores free energy that is used for cellular work.

The terminal phosphate bond is stronger than most covalent bonds in other biological macromolecules.

A

The reactions represented by graph 1.

B

The reactions represented by graph 2.

C

The reactions represented by both graph 1 and graph 2.

D

Not enough information to determine.

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

the intermediates of a catabolic pathway are used in the anabolic pathway.

both pathways use the same enzymes.

the free energy released from one pathway is used to drive the other pathway.

the activation energy of the catabolic pathway can be used in the anabolic pathway.

every energy transfer results in an increase in disorder or entropy.

the total amount of energy in the universe is conserved or constant.

energy can be transformed or transferred, but disorder always increases.

potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, and kinetic energy is released as heat.

used to increase the order necessary for life to exist.

lost as heat, in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics.

used to increase the entropy of the system by converting kinetic energy into potential energy.

released when the ATP molecules are hydrolyzed.

the reactants have more free energy than the products.

the reaction is spontaneous.

the reaction is exergonic.

all of the above are true.

the free energy of products.

the free energy of activation.

the speed of a reaction.

the delta G.