Chapter 5 Notes Part 2
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Social Studies
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6th - 8th Grade
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Hard
Jay Bishop
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21 Slides • 0 Questions
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Chapter 5 Notes Part 2
Trail of Tears and the Buildup to Civil War (1836-1861)
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In 1830, President Andrew Jackson signed into law the Indian Removal Act
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Over the next 10 years, Native Americans from all over the Southeast would be relocated to the Indian Territory in Oklahoma.
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Thousands of Native Americans died on this journey, which led through Arkansas, known as the Trail of Tears
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As a passageway to the west, Arkansas became the focus of several famous writings, stories like the Arkansas Traveler
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Although this story was fictional, it was rooted in truth about the Arkansas territory and its settlers
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During the middle part of the century, America went through a period of belief in manifest destiny, or the belief that it was America's destiny to expand all the way to the Pacific ocean.
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This led to conflict with the United States and Mexico who still owned much of America’s current-day western lands.
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In the aftermath of Texas being admitted as a state, the Mexican-American War was fought
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Arkansas provided thousands of soldiers for this war from places like Fort Smith, and more western land was gained as a result of American victory
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Fort Smith and Van Buren were also starting points for many Americans during the California Gold Rush
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Arkansas' economy pre-Civil War was heavily dependent on agriculture
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As a means of making money, Cotton was king.
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While the majority of Arkansas farmers were yeoman farmers, people who owned small land plots, some owned plantations and Arkansas had about 11,00 slave owners
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The slave experience was miserable, violent, and tragic.
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As a way of resisting this existence, many slaves attempted to escape despite the Fugitive Slave Act passed in 1850
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With the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, the concept of Popular Sovereignty was introduced
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Popular sovereignty meant that these two new territories could decide the issue of slavery for themselves based on a vote
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Another important piece leading up to the Civil War was the Dred-Scott decision
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In this decision, Dred Scott, a slave, was denied the right to sue his slave master because the Supreme Court ruled slaves were not citizens
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This only increased the outrage from abolitionists in the country and contributed to the inevitable Civil War
Chapter 5 Notes Part 2
Trail of Tears and the Buildup to Civil War (1836-1861)
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