10.1 Intermolecular Forces

• Describe the types of intermolecular forces possible between atoms or molecules in condensed phases (dispersion forces, dipole-dipole attractions, and hydrogen bonding)

• Identify the types of intermolecular forces experienced by specific molecules based on their structures

• Explain the relation between the intermolecular forces present within a substance and the temperatures associated with changes in its physical state

​​Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules, or ions ).

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These forces are weak compared to intramolecular forces, such as the covalent or ionic bonds between atoms in a molecule.

For example, the covalent bond present within a hydrogen chloride (HCl) molecule is much stronger than any bonds it may form with neighboring molecules.