​LOOPING STATEMENTS

• It is also known as ITERATIVE STATEMENTS.

• ITERATION is the process where a set of instructions or statements is executed repeatedly until a condition is met.

• Iterative statements also alter the control flow of the program and can be classified as control statements.

​LOOPING STATEMENTS

• A loop basically consists of three parts:

  • Initialization

  • Condition

  • Modification

PARTS OF ​LOOPING STATEMENTS

INITIALIZATION​ - it is an assignment statement that is used to set a loop control

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CONDITION - the relational expression that determines when the loop will end by testing the loop control variable against some value.

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MODIFICATION - it defines the loop control variable that will change each time the loop is repeated.​

​FOR LOOP

Syntax:

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for (initialization; condition; modification)

{execution statements}

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​FOR LOOP

​FOR LOOP

• FOR LOOP is a repetition control structure that allows you to efficiently write a loop that needs to execute a specific number of times.

• It is the most commonly used looping technique. The reason, why it is so popular, is because it has all three parts of the loop: initialization, condition, and modification in the same line.

​while LOOP

Syntax:

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initialization​

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while (condition)

{execution statements}​

​while LOOP

​while LOOP

• A control structure that allows you to repeat a task a certain number of times.

• A while loop will continue its execution of the loop if the condition is TRUE but will stop if the condition is already false.

​do-while LOOP

Syntax:

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initialization​

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do

{execution statements}

while (condition)

​do-while LOOP

​do-while LOOP

• do-while is similar to while except that it is guaranteed to execute at least one time.

• The conditional expression appears at the end of the loop, so the statement(s) in the loop executes once before the condition is tested.

​C++ NESTED LOOP

• A loop can be nested inside another loop. C++ allowsat least 256 levels of nesting.

​JUMP STATEMENTS

Unconditionally transfer program control within a function.

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​goto statement – allows jumping to another point in the program.

​break statement – when executed in a switch structure,provides an immediate exit from the switch structure.

​ continue statement – used in loops and causes a program toskip the rest of the body of the loop.​