
Rational Graph Characteristics
Presentation
•
Mathematics
•
10th - 11th Grade
•
Medium
Standards-aligned
Bethany Braun
Used 50+ times
FREE Resource
12 Slides • 19 Questions
1
Rational Graph Characteristics
2
In this Lesson you will learn how to:
Find x & y intercepts
Find vertical & horizontal asymptotes
How to find Domain and Range
3
X-Intercepts
On a graph, this is where the graph touches/crosses the x-axis
For an equation: Factor first, if able, then set each factor of numerator = 0
4
Multiple Choice
What is the x-intercept?
(1,0)
(-1,0)
(0,1)
(0,-1)
5
Multiple Choice
f(x)=x+5x2+2x−3 What is/are the x-intercept(s) ?
(Hint: factor the numerator first, then set = 0)
(0,−3), (0, 1)
(−5, 0)
(0, −5)
(−3, 0), (1, 0)
6
Y-Intercepts
Found the same way as other functions
Plug in 0 for all x's and solve
7
Multiple Choice
f(x)=4x2+2x+12x−3 Find the y-intercept(s).
(0, 21)
(21, 0)
(−3, 0)
(0, −3)
8
Multiple Choice
What are the x and y intercepts?
(4, 0) and (0, -4)
(-4, 0) and (0, -4)
(-4, 0) and (0, 4)
(0, 0) and (0, -4)
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Vertical Asymptotes: Graphs
A Vertical Asymptote is an imaginary vertical line where the graph approaches but doesn't touch it
In this example, it is x=−2
Be careful! The dotted line is not always shown. You may have to look for the imaginary 'wall'
10
Multiple Choice
What appears to be the vertical asymptote?
x = -3
y = -3
x = -1
y = -1
11
Multiple Select
There are 2 vertical asymptotes here. Which 2 are correct?
x = -3
x = -5
x = -2
x = 3
x = 2
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Vertical Asymptotes: Equation
The VA come from the undefined values (restricted values) that make the DENOMINATOR = 0
Set DENOMINATOR = 0 (factor first) and solve
Write the asymptote using: x=
13
Multiple Choice
What is the Vertical Asymptote?
x= -5
x= 5
x= 6
x= -6
14
Multiple Choice
What are the Vertical Asymptotes?
(Remember to FACTOR the denominator first!)
x = 0, -5
x=0, 5
x = 2, -7
x = -2, 7
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Horizontal Asymptotes: Graphs
These are invisible horizontal lines that correspond to the Right/Left ENDS of the graphs. (For really small or really big values of x).
On this graph you can see the left and right sides of the graph seem to approach a y-value of 1.
So the HA is y = 1.
16
Multiple Choice
Let's Review....What appears to be the Vertical asymptote?
y = -3
x = 1
y = -1
y=3
17
Multiple Choice
Now, what appears to be the Horizontal asymptote?
y = -3
x = 1
y = -1
y=3
18
Multiple Choice
Which graph appears to have a Horizontal asymptote of y = -3?
19
Multiple Select
Which 2 graphs appear to have a Horizontal asymptote of y = 0?
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Horizontal Asymptotes: Equation
A Horizontal Asymptote can be found by comparing the DEGREE of the Numerator to the DEGREE of the Denominator
There are 3 possibilities depending on which degree is higher/lower
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How to find a Horizontal Asymptote
Horizontal Asymptotes always begin with y=
22
Multiple Choice
What is the Degree of the numerator and denominator?
Num = 4 Denom = 1
Num = 1 Denom = 1
Num = 1 Denom = 2
Num = 0 Denom = 1
23
Multiple Choice
The Degree of the top and bottom are the same. Simplify 4x/x to get the horizontal asymptote. What is it?
y=4
y=0
y=-2
y=1
24
Multiple Choice
What is the horizontal asymptote? (Note: the degree on the top and the bottom are the same)
y = -4
y = 1
x = 1
y = -6
25
Multiple Choice
Find the horizontal asymptote. (Note the Degree is bigger on top.)
None
y=-2
y=2
y=0
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How to find Domain/Range:
Domain- Read left to right and 'skip' over the Vertical Asymptote
Range - Read bottom to top and 'skip' over the Horizontal Asymptote
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Domain/Range of this graph?
Domain- We 'skip' over the VA of -2, so the Domain is: (−∞, 2)U(−2, ∞)
Range - We 'skip' over the HA of 2, so the Range is: (−∞, 2)U(2, ∞)
28
Multiple Choice
The vertical asymptote here x= -3, so what is the Domain?
(−∞, ∞) All Reals
(−3,∞) x-values bigger than -3
(−∞,3)U(3,∞) All reals but x = 3
(−∞,−3)U(−3,∞) All reals but x = -3
29
Multiple Choice
The horizontal asymptote here y=0, so what is the Range?
(−∞, ∞) All Reals
(0,∞) y-values bigger than 0
(−∞,0)U(0,∞) All Reals but y = 0
(−∞,−3)U(−3,∞) All reals but y = -3
30
Multiple Choice
What is the domain and range of this graph?
D : All reals but x ≠ -3
R: All reals but y≠ 1
D : All reals but x ≠ 1
R: All reals but y≠ -3
D : All reals but x ≠ 3
R: All reals but y≠ 1
D : All reals but x ≠ -1
R: All reals but y≠ 3
31
Great Job! You learned...
How to find x & y intercepts
How to find Vertical and Horizontal Asymptotes
How to find Domain and Range
Keep Practicing!!
Rational Graph Characteristics
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