
The Science in the movie Apollo 13
Presentation
•
Physics, Science
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Medium
Standards-aligned
Penny Turner
Used 5+ times
FREE Resource
25 Slides • 25 Questions
1
The Science in the movie Apollo 13
What science lessons can we learn from this movie?
2
Apollo Program History & Background
The Apollo program was designed to land humans on the Moon and bring them safely back to Earth
1963 - 1972.
President John F. Kennedy gave the United States the mission to have "man land on the moon" before the end of the decade.
Apollo 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 17 missions DID LAND on the moon
Apollo 13 did not land on the moon due to a malfunction
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4
The tragedy of Apollo 1
*At 1 p.m. on Friday, 27 January 1967 the crew of Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee were killed in a fire in the Apollo Command Module during a preflight test at Cape Canaveral.
*Oxygen rich atmosphere inside the cabin
*Short circuit sparked a fire
*Hatch door only opened inward and took too long to open
5
How did the Apollo get into space?
Answer: The Apollo module was mounted to a Saturn rocket and one by one the different parts were cut loose or "jettisoned" away before returning to Earth.
Let's see how that worked
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8
Quote "We just put Sir Isaac Newton in the driver's seat." - Jim Lovell
Spoken at the moment they shut down the engines on Apollo
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What did that mean?
Newton's 1st Law says "A body in motion stays in motion... unless acted upon by an unbalanced force."
That means however fast they were moving at the moment of shutdown, they would continue at that same speed and in a straight line until another force changed their speed or their direction.
This allowed them to save their power for later.
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How did they change directions in space?
Newton's 3rd Law
For every action there is an opposite and equal reaction
12
Changing directions in Space
Newton's 3rd Law - ACTION and REACTION
To move forward and right, an engine at the back and left side would have to be ignited.
An engine on the OPPOSITE side had to be used to push the spacecraft in the direction they wanted to go.
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Movie Questions
Do you know the crew names?
Jim Lovell - Commander
Fred Haise
Jack Swigert - Pilot
15
Multiple Choice
When did man first step on the moon?
April 1st 1970
April 11th 1970
April 11th 1971
April 1st 1971
16
Multiple Choice
CM stands for
Captain's Module
Command Module
17
Multiple Choice
LM stands for
Lunar Moon
Lunar Module
18
Multiple Choice
What mainly alerted crew to the fact that an oxygen tank had exploded?
They heard a sharp bang and a vibration.
There were water droplets on the walls, ceiling and floor.
They saw the fuel leaking out of the spacecraft.
The tank reached 200 psi.
19
Multiple Choice
Where did they land on April 17th?
In the Antartica
In the desert
In the Pacific Ocean
20
Multiple Select
Why did they move to the Lunar Module? (Pick 2)
The Command Module was damaged.
There was air only for 15 minutes.
It was more comfortable.
They had a better view from there.
21
Multiple Choice
How many astronauts were there in space ?
1
2
3
4
22
Multiple Choice
Where does the crew dispose of the human waste in the space craft?
In the trash can
in a bottle
in outer space
23
Multiple Choice
How many Amps over is Mattingly in the re-entry sequence?
4
20
10
15
24
Multiple Choice
How much weight does the crew need to add to the craft before re-entry?
200 lbs
80 lbs
100 lbs
none
25
Multiple Choice
Who takes over a pilot after Mattingly is told he can't go on the mission?
Jim Lovell
Fred Haise
Gene Kranz
Jack Swigert
26
Multiple Choice
What is the poisonous gas the crew has to create a filter for?
oxygen
nitrogen
helium
carbon dioxide
27
Multiple Choice
Why didn't the news cover the launch if Apollo 13?
They had the wrong date.
They thought it was boring.
NASA would not allow cameras.
28
Multiple Choice
What was the cause of the explosion?
stirring the oxygen tanks
a meteor strike
a power failure
too much fuel
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Multiple Choice
Who was President of the United States that gave the nation this important mission to put man on the moon?
Obama
Nixon
Johnson
Kennedy
30
Multiple Choice
Who was President of the United States during this mission?
Obama
Nixon
Johnson
Kennedy
31
Multiple Choice
What where the conditions in the space craft?
hot
dark
cold
freezing
32
Multiple Choice
What was venting from the space craft after the explosion?
Carbon dioxide
nitrogen
waste
oxygen
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Multiple Choice
Why didn't Ken Mattingly go on the mission as planned?
They thought he would get the measles.
No one liked him.
He made too many mistakes.
He was not an astronaut.
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Multiple Choice
Who said, "Houston, we have a problem"
Jack Swigert
Gene Kranz (Flight)
Jim Lovell
Fred Haise
35
Multiple Choice
How long did Jim say it would take to get to the moon?
4 days
7 days
1 month
2 weeks
36
Multiple Choice
How long did the Apollo 13 mission last?
6 months
7 days
4 days
30 days
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Gravity of Earth and Moon
Earth has gravity
Moon has gravity
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The Apollo was first launched into orbit around the Earth, kept in place by Earth's gravity
A thrust of the engine was needed to push the craft OUT of the Earth's orbit and on a path toward the moon
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As Apollo 13 approached the Moon, it was grabbed by the Moon's gravity and went into orbit around the Moon.
A thrust of the engine was needed to push the craft OUT of the Moon's orbit and on a path back home to Earth!
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Communications Blackout during Re-Entry
Occurs when passing back into the Earth's atmosphere
No instruments can be read, no voice communications
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Communications Blackout
lasts around 3 minutes
Occurs when passing through the THERMOSPHERE layer of the atmosphere which is REALLY HOT!!!
The plasma hot layer is the reason the Apollo capsules needed a HEAT SHIELD
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Moon's Surface Features
There are impact craters, which were formed when an asteroids or comets collided with the Moon's surface. Unlike Earth, the moon has NO ATMOSPHERE.
A blanket of ejecta is formed during the formation of meteor impact cratering and is composed usually of the materials of that are ejected from the cratering process.
Dead volcanos and lava flows from the early history of the Moon
Early scientists thought the dark stretches of the moon might be oceans ...hence, "Ocean of Storms"
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Apollo missions landed on the Moon
Apollo 11
Landed on Moon 20 July 1969
Sea of Tranquility
Apollo 12
Landed on Moon 19 November 1969
Ocean of Storms
Just to name a few.
48
Multiple Choice
Mission Control is located in what city?
Orlando
Texas
Washington D.C.
Houston
49
Multiple Choice
Which crew member of Apollo 13 had a wife who was pregnant back home?
Buz Lightyear
Neil Armstrong
Jim Lovell
Fred Haise
50
Multiple Choice
Who was the commander of Apollo 13?
Buz Lightyear
Neil Armstrong
Jim Lovell
Fred Haise
The Science in the movie Apollo 13
What science lessons can we learn from this movie?
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