USHC 3.2 - Battles of the Civil War

the 1861 Battle of Fort Sumter

the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln

the 1861 election of Jefferson Davis

the 1860 secession of South Carolina

discouraged the Confederacy and gave the Union confidence.

showed that the Civil War would probably be a short conflict.

proved that the Union’s military forces had superior firepower.

discouraged the Union and gave the Confederacy confidence.

the Union’s effectiveness at the Battle of Antietam.

the death of General Jackson at Chancellorsville.

the nation had voted to decide the issue of slavery.

the capture of Washington, DC, by Confederate forces.

ran out of ammunition to fight.

suffered from hunger and thirst.

lost more troops than the Confederacy.

prevented supplies from entering or leaving.

Bull Run

Gettysburg

Vicksburg

Ft. Sumter

It was the Confederacy’s last surge into northern territory

It ensured that foreign nations would not support the Confederacy

It showed citizens that the war would last longer than they thought

It illustrated General Sherman’s “total war” approach

It promoted the destruction of private property, reducing emotional and financial support for the war.

It forced many of the wealthiest southerners to flee to England, resulting in a lack of men to join the

army.

It increased anti-slavery sentiments in the South, ending support for the war from the civilian

population.

It strengthened the resolve of the southerners, causing them to renew their will to fight.

Appomattox Courthouse, VA

Durham, NC

Gettysburg, PA

Petersburg, VA

All damage is contained on specific battlefields.

All fighting occurs in cities and on battlefields.

All military and civilian resources are attacked.

All civilian resources are used to feed the army.

an important source of water for cities.

a major supply route that divided the South.

the only route inland for the Union Navy.

a major port for ships arriving from Europe.

It ended the war by destroying plantations, forcing many wealthy citizens to flee to England

It caused the surrender of Southern troops but did not affect the plantation system.

It created a strong and active abolitionist movement among Southern women who lived on the plantations.

It destroyed the plantation system, removing social and economical support for the Confederacy.

never again had a legitimate opportunity

to win the Civil War.

refused to retreat.

mounted one last march into the North.

surrendered immediately.

Created a moment appropriate for President Lincoln to proclaim Emancipation.

Gave the Union control of the Mississippi and split the Confederacy in two.

Destroyed the South’s greatest city, devastating Confederate morale.

Marked the end of Confederate invasions into Union territory.