

Unit 3B
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Mathematics
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University
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Hard

Matthew Sievers
Used 2+ times
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10 Slides • 23 Questions
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Unit 3B
Putting Numbers Into Perspective
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Scale of the Universe 2
http://sciencenetlinks.com/tools/scale-universe-2/
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Open Ended
29–32: Perspective Through Estimation. Use estimation to make the following comparisons. Discuss your conclusion.
32. Which is greater: the amount you spend in a year on transportation or the amount you spend in a year on food?
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39. How many average candy bars would you have to eat to supply the energy needed for 8 hours of running?
1 ×106 joules1 candy bar
4 ×106 joules1 hour of running
1 ×106 joules1 candy bar⋅1 hour run4×106 joules=1 hour run4 candy bars
1 hour run4 candy bar⋅ 8 hours run = 32 candy bars
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40. How many liters of oil are required to supply the electrical energy needs of an average home for a year?
1.2×107 joules1 liter of oil⋅1 house (daily)5×107joules
1.2 houses (daily)5 liters of oil=4.16666666 liters per house daily
4.16666 liters per day x 365 days = 1520.83 liters
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43. If you could generate energy by fusing the hydrogen in water, how much water would you need to generate the electrical energy used daily by 10,000 typical homes? (Round to the nearest thousandths.)
1 house5×107 joules⋅10,000 house=5×1011 joules needed
5×1011 joules ⋅6.9×1013 joules1 liter of water
6.95⋅1011−13 joules =0.724×10−2 joules
0.007 joules
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55. There were approximately 2.69 million deaths in the United States in 2015. Express this quantity in deaths per minute.
1 year2,690,000 deaths⋅365 days1 years⋅24 hours1 day⋅60 min1 hour≈5.11796 deaths per min
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a. Assume that an average cell has a diameter of 6 micrometers (6×10^−6 meter), which means it has a volume of 100 cubic micrometers. How many cells are there in a cubic centimeter?
1cm×1cm×1cm×102 cm1 meter×102 cm1 meter×102 cm1 meter
1061 meter×meter×meter×10−6 meter1 micrometer×10−6 meter1 micrometer×10−6 meter1 micrometer
10−121 cubic micrometers×100 cubic micrometers1 cell
10−101 cells = 1010 cells
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b. Estimate the number of cells in a liter, using the fact that a cubic centimeter equals a milliliter. (1 cubic cm is 10^10 cells)
1 liter ×1 liter1,000 milliliters×1 milliliter1 cubic centimeter×1 cubic centimeter1010 cells
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c. Estimate the number of cells in a 70-kilogram (154-pound) person, assuming that the human body is 100% water (actually it is about 60–70% water) and that 1 liter of water weighs 1 kilogram.
70 kg ×1 kg1 liter×1 liter1013 cells
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4.5 trillion gallons—could supply all U.S. households for five months.(Assume 100 million households.)
4.5 trillion gallons / 5 months = 0.9 trillion gallons per month
100,000,000 houses900,000,000,000 gallons=9,000 gallons per house
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Unit 3B
Putting Numbers Into Perspective
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