Chapter 13: Lesson 4

discovery of gold

growth of industry

shipping to the North

trade with Mexico

merchants

miners

Mormons

vigilantes

Native American groups along with church officials caught, tried, and imprisoned lawbreakers.

The police caught, tried, and then sent lawbreakers to federal prisons in New Mexico.

To maintain order, U.S. marshals were assigned to the mining regions of California.

Vigilance committees of concerned citizens acted as police, judge, jury, and, when required, executioner.

merchants

miners

missionaries

teachers

California should become a state.

Mormons should leave Illinois.

President Polk treated Mexico unfairly.

Property should be held in common.

Brigham Young

John Sutter

Joseph Smith

Levi Strauss

They had split away from their leader Brigham Young.

They sought to convert Native Americans to Christianity.

They wanted to live where they could safely practice their religion.

They were looking for a milder climate and better farmland.

forty-niners to California

Mormons to Utah

mountain men to Oregon

traders to Mexico