group 2 and group 7 so far

atomic radius increases so outer electrons are further from the nucleus

nuclear charge decreases and shielding increases

atomic radius decreases so electrons are gained more easily

nuclear charge increases but so does shielding

hydroxide solubility increases and sulphate solubility decreases

hydroxide solubility decreases and sulphate solubility increases

hydroxide solubility decreases and sulphate solubility decreases

hydroxide solubility increases and sulphate solubility increases

lithium nitrite, nitrogen dioxide & oxygen

lithium nitrite & oxygen

lithium oxide, nitrogen dioxide & oxygen

lithium oxide & oxygen

potassium oxide & nitrogen dioxide

potassium oxide & nitrogen dioxide & oxygen

potassium nitrite & oxygen

polarising power of the anion

polarising power of the cation

number of electrons

charge of cation

charge density

barium nitrate

magnesium nitrate

beryllium nitrate

calcium nitrate

potassium carbonate decomposes but magnesium carbonate does not

magnesium carbonate decomposes but potassium carbonate does not

neither carbonate decomposes

both carbonate decompose

CaCo_3

SrCo₃

blue-green

blue

pale green

white

crimson

red

yellow-red

brick-red

the atoms lose outer electrons

electrons are excited to higher energy levels

electrons move from the chloride ions to metals ions

excited electrons move from a higher to a lower energy level

a red flame

a colourless solution

a cloudy white precipitate

a pale green flame