Biology Complex Patterns of Inheritance Notes

A white flowered plant is crossed with a red flowered plant resulting in F1 offspring that are pink. This is an example of:

A white cow is crossed with a red bull, the resulting F1 offspring is roan (spotted white and red). This is an example of:

Some forms of inheritance are determined by more than two alleles, an example being human blood types which have alleles for types A, B, and O. This is referred to as:

Term for an interaction where of one allele hides the effects of another allele. It can be seen in the coat color of Labrador retrievers, which can be black, brown, or yellow. Dogs appear yellow because the black/brown dark fur gene is "blocked" by the homozygous recessive yellow fur gene.

What determines whether or not an individual is male or female?

An individual with the sex chromosomes XY would be:

The X chromosome carries a variety of genes that are necessary for the development of both females and males. The Y chromosome mainly has genes that relate to the development of male characteristics. In females, one X chromosome is inactivated in each cell, becoming a barr body. This is called:

Traits controlled by genes located on the ___ chromosome are sex-linked traits. Because males only have one of this type of chromosome, they are more affected by harmful recessive genes on this particular chromosome.

These type of traits arise from the interaction of multiple pairs of genes. Examples include such traits as skin color, height, and eye color

In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors can also affect an organism's phenotype.