GRAMMAR: Unit 16

def: A compound sentence is made by joining two simple sentences together, using a coordinating conjunction.

For example:

He opened the door. He walked into the street. (2 simple sentences)

He opened the door, and he walked into the street. (1 compound sentence)

def. of a conjunction: a joining word. (They can join word to word, phrase to phrase, and simple sentence to simple sentence to make a longer sentence. Some common conjunctions are:

and

but

or

so

because

until 

although

Def: "And" has the meaning "in addition". It joins words or sentences that have something in common.

Examples:

Norway is a cold country. Norway is a mountainous country. ---> Norway is a cold and mountainous country.

The sun rises in the east. The sun sets in the west. ---> The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

Birds make nests. Birds fly. ---> Birds make nests and fly.

Definition: "but" is used to join ideas that are opposite or in contrast to each other.

Examples:

Tigers and zebras have stripes. Leopards and cheetahs have spots.--->Tigers and zebras have stripes, but leopards and cheetahs have spots.

My eyes are brown. My sister's eyes are blue. ---> My eyes are brown, but my sister's eyes are blue.

Definition: "or" is used to show a choice.

Examples:

We can go to the zoo. We can go to the museum. ---> We can go to the zoo, or we can go to the museum.

Would you like cheese? Would you like an apple? ---> Would you like cheese or an apple?

Definition: Use "so" when the second sentence shows a result or effect of the first sentence.

Examples:

I wanted a new car. I bought a Ford Galaxy. ---> I wanted a new car, so I bought a Ford Galaxy.

It was raining. I took my umbrella. ---> It was raining, so I took my umbrella.

Lesson Wrap Up:

We looked at use of compound sentences and the uses of the 4 conjunctions: "and", but", "so", and "or"

Homework: Course practice on Unit 16 Grammar!