Chemical Formulas and Bonding Review

A way to represent a compound like a mathematical formula.

It uses ELEMENT SYMBOLS from the periodic table and SUBSCRIPTS to show how many of each element are in the COMPOUND.

COEFFICIENTS tell how many of the COMPOUND there are.

These are the number of ELECTRONS on the OUTER SHELL and they are responsible for how the atom BONDS to other atoms.

This is a way to write the number of VALENCE ELECTRONS in a way that tells you how many electrons will be gained or lost in a CHEMICAL REACTION.

The LEFT side of the periodic table has POSITIVE OXIDATION NUMBERS.

The RIGHT side of the periodic table have NEGATIVE OXIDATION NUMBERS.

IONIC bonds are between METALS and NONMETALS.

IONIC: METALS (+) LOSE electrons and NONMETALS (-) GAIN electrons.

COVALENT bonds are between NONMETALS.

COVALENT: SHARE electrons (no charges)

These are a way to visualize the number of VALENCE ELECTRONS.

They are used with the OXIDATION NUMBER to predict BONDING.

All ELEMENTS (except for Hydrogen) follow the OCTET RULE:

They all need 8 VALENCE ELECTRONS & will LOSE, SHARE. or STEAL to get 8.