HS II 3.01 Respiratory System Structures

• Nose

• Sinuses

• Pharynx

• Epiglottis

• Larynx

• Trachea

air enters the respiratory system through two oval openings in the nose

• Vestibular region - the most anterior part

• Olfactory region - lined by olfactory cells with olfactory receptors (SMELL)

• Respiratory region - includes the nasal turbinates

• Turbinates - scroll-like bones in the respiratory region - increase surface area of the nasal cavity

• Nasal Septum - cartilage that divides the nose into right and left sides 

• Cilia - nose hairs, trap and prevent entry of larger dirt particles

• Ducts connect sinuses to the nasal cavity

• Lined with mucous membrane to warm and moisten the air

• Provide resonance to the voice

• Nasopharynx - nose, throat

• Oropharynx - mouth, throat

• Laryngopharynx - larynx, throat

A flap or lid that closes over the opening to the larynx when food is swallowed

• Within the larynx are vocal cords, the glottis

• Also called the Adam’s Apple

• Production of sound

• Composed of alternate bands of C-shaped rings of hyaline

  of cartilage that keeps the trachea open for the passage of oxygen into the lungs

• Lungs

• Bronchial tree

• Mediastinum

• Diaphragm

• at the lower end of the trachea divides into the right and left bronchus

• as the bronchi enter the lungs subdivides into bronchial tubes

• subdivides again into smaller bronchioles

• found at the end of the bronchioles is a globular sac

• cone-shaped organs that fill the two lateral chambers of the thoracic cavity 

• lining the thoracic cavity

• space found in the midline of the thoracic cavity

• a muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest that allows you to inhale and exhale