reflection laws

The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is always equal to the angle of reflection.

Refraction occurs when waves change their direction and speed as they enter a new medium.

Waves bend when they pass around an edge or through a gap. This bending is called diffraction.

Diffraction occurs when waves change directions as they pass through the edge of an object or a gap.

The size of the gap and the wavelength of the wave will affect how the wave will spread out when it passes through a small opening.