M1 - State and Politics

A coalition government is one in which multiple political parties come together and often reduce the dominance of the party that has won the highest number of seats. Coalition governments are formed as seldom does a political party win the necessary number of seats to form the government on its own. In India, the first coalition government to complete its full-term was the Atal Bihari Vajpayee-led National Democratic Alliance from 1999 to 2004. While some say that coalition governments generate more inclusive policies, others believe that coalitions impose constraints on policymaking.

The Left Front is an alliance of political parties in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Third Front in Indian politics refers to various alliances formed by smaller parties at various points of time since 1989 to offer a third option to Indian voters, challenging the Indian National Congress and Bharatiya Janata Party.

India

USA - Democrats and Republicans

The anti-defection law in India, technically the Tenth Schedule to the Indian Constitution, was enacted to address the perceived problem of instability caused by democratically elected legislators in India's Parliamentary System of Government shifting allegiance from the parties they supported at the time of election, or disobeying their parties' decisions at critical times such as during voting on an important resolution. Such shifting of allegiance was considered to be a symptom of endemic political corruption, which in turn provided some legitimisation for corruption prevalent in other aspects of life in the country.