Atmosphere

The layer of gases surrounding the earth is called the atmosphere

It is a thin blanket of air that gives us oxygen to breathe, and protects us from the harmful rays of the sun.

It stretches up to 1600 km and is divided into five layers based on temperature, composition (mix of gases), and other properties. Starting from the surface, these layers are the Troposphere, the Stratosphere, the Mesosphere, the Thermosphere, and the Exosphere.

The density and temperature of each layer changes with height, and they decrease as we go further upwards.

78% of the atmosphere consists of nitrogen, 21% is oxygen, and other gases make up the remaining 1%.

Oxygen and nitrogen help in the growth of living beings, whereas Carbon Dioxide absorbs the heat of the sun and keeps the planet warm.

The atmosphere exerts pressure on the earth, and the amount of pressure varies from place to place.

Air moves from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas, and moving air is called wind.

The excessive release of carbon dioxide pushes up the temperature of the earth. This melts glaciers and affects weather cycles around the world. The sea level also rises constantly due to this.

The amount of carbon dioxide produced by a country is known as the carbon footprint of that country.

The atmosphere is necessary for the survival of life on earth, because

Air excerts great pressure on the Surface of the earth. It is maximum at sea level.

High pressure at the sea level is that the heavier gases remain confined to the lower layers, whereas the lighter gases float above in the higher altitudes.

If the temerature is high,Pressure will e low and the air starts flowing from high pressure to low pressure

It is the narrow line of contact between the three spheres, and it is in the biosphere where all life exists.

All organisms, from the smallest to the largest, depend on each other and on the biosphere.

Living organisms are divided into two parts: the animal kingdom and the plant kingdom, and the three domains interact with each other and affect all life on the earth. 

For e.g., cutting forests leads to soil erosion, natural disasters destroy life, industries release a lot of carbon dioxide and cause global warming.

So to maintain a balance between the three domains of the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, and the atmosphere, we must use the earth's natural resources in a limited way.