S and AE Asia

the region is home to world's oldest civilizations

Early China- 4,000 years ago

Huang He Valley- Yellow River

Grow crops in rich soil left by river floods- Loess

Over time they build cities, developed writing system which they use still today

use characters to stand for entire word

for centuries, until the early 1900s emperor governed China

Dynasty or line of ruler from a single family ruled

Zhou dynasty, China's best known thinker was Confucianism

the taught people should be virtuous, or morally good as well as loyal to their families.

his way of thinking - Confucianism

another one was- Laozi - found Daoism

a way of living in harmony with nature

later Buddhism was introduced

all three remain influences in East Asian life

paper was first invented about 100 A.D

officers used paper to keep record

encouraged overland trade on silk road

Chinese sent silk, tea, spices paper and fine clayware known as porcelain as far as Mediterranean sea

in return they brought goods; gold, silver, precious stones and fine wood

later tang and Song rulers build roads and waterways that made travel and trade within China easier

helped for carrying goods and food production

support more people so population grew

New Inventions changed Chinese life during the Tang and Song period

They mixed Iron with coal to produce steel

printing press using blocks of wood carvings with characters

spread the ideas more rapidly

gunpowder, compass

had series of wars so disturbance in inventions was created

In 1211 well trained Mongol warriors conquered and controlled most of China

Made the government stable and trade was flourished

European traveler Marco Polo visited

Fascinating by him, Mongol ruler sent him in many interesting places

As Polo was back to Europe, wrote a book about his adventure in China and China was known to European

In 1300s, Chines drove Mongol out and established Ming dynasty

Ming- examination system to select governmental officials, conduct census

taxes could be collected more accurately

expand road network and canals

In Capital of Beijing Ming made Forbidden City- Only officials can sit there

Emperor and their courts lived around 500 there

Under Ming, Chinese wrote drams and novels

sent people for voyage of exploration to South Asia and Africa

Because of threat in Chinese trade, explorer suggested ruler to stop voyages, so the trade was confined

Chinese culture influenced other parts of East Asia

In about 1200s Chinese settlers spread their culture in Korea

Later Buddhism and Confucianism transmitted from China

Later Korea transmitted its culture Japan

In 1400s, Yamato dynasty of japan adopted the writings, art, government system, science of China

while Japan brought elements of foreign culture, they shaped them to fit in their society

Wealthy nobles developed Japanese form of literature

Mix of Buddhism and Japanese own culture gave birth of new religion- Shinto

By 1100s, armies of local nobles started to fight for power

Minamato Yoritomo became Japan's first Shogun, military leader in the support of Samurai

Samurai followed strict rule: Be loyal to his master as well as brave and honorable

Samurai helped Shogun ruled Japan till 1800s

Early people raised cattle, pig, made metal goods, grow rice

From 100 BC to 900 A.D China rule what is called Vietnam

Hindu traveler reached western part of this region at around 100 A.D and Chinese and Hindu culture blended

During 1100s, Khmer people founded an empire in mainland of Southeast Asia

Angkor Wat - was the large temple they made based on Indian and local design

Serves as Hindu temple and Royal tomb

Muslim Arab traders settled on the coastline of SEA during 800s- many converted into Islam

by 1600s, European had arrived in E.A and SEA.

aim _ trade and claim their land/ territories

in 1600s, Chinese silk, tea, porcelain were highly valuable in Europe

Europeans want to trade but Chinese did not like to trade

By 1890s European and Japanese had controlled much of China and claimed large area of China as a sphere of influence