Concept Application Practice

a White House budget resolution

the Congressional Budget Office

the United States Senate

the United States House of Representatives

Conference

Select

Reconciliation

Rules

Formal Power: Vetoing legislation to prevent a bill from becoming law

Informal Power: Using the power of the purse

Formal Power: Using the bully pulpit to influence public opinion

Informal Power: Appointing ambassadors and receiving diplomats from other nations

Formal Power: Acting as commander in chief of the military

Informal Power: Signing executive agreements with foreign nations

Formal Power: Using the power of the purse to support government programs

Informal Power: Using signing statements to shape legislation

modern presidents often try to avoid legislative checks and balances on their authority

the executive branch has become too large and bureaucratic

presidents have less power in handling foreign policy than in handling domestic policy

interest groups have too much power in the contemporary governmental system

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Engel v. Vitale

United States v. Lopez

Baker v. Carr

Tinker v. Des Moines

Engel v. Vitale

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Schenck v. United States

The state could do very little to limit a woman’s right to an abortion.

The state could ban it.

The state could regulate it if the mother’s life were in danger.

The state could ban the abortion unless the mother’s life was in danger.

freedom of speech

freedom to remain silent

freedom of expression

equal protection

Schools can suspend students whose actions stimulate class discussions

The First Amendment protects non-disruptive expression within schools

Students can express their opinions in any way they choose in school

Clothing cannot be categorized as a form of speech

printing military strategies during the Vietnam War

publishing papers regarding government decisions during the Vietnam War

Nixon’s invocation of executive privilege

investigations into presidential corruption

Automatic citizenship for persons born in the US

Equal Protection under the law

Due Process Clause

Fellowship Clause of Rights

Evidence acquired without a warrant will be excluded from the defendant's trial.

No state can prevent a woman from having an abortion

Police must tell arrested suspects that they have a right against self-incrimination

States must provide poor defendants with public defense attorneys

One suggests a public policy creates an establishment of religion, while the other suggests a public policy denies a free exercise of religion

One was decided on free speech grounds and one was decided on free press grounds

One preserved the governmental policy and the other struck down a governmental policy

One was during wartime and one was during peacetime

People can say or express anything as long as the nation is not at war

During wartime, no person can criticize the US government

Free speech was expanded in the US

As long as speech does not present a clear and present danger, it is allowed