OOPS CONCEPTS

• OOPs concepts such as Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, etc.

• Simula is considered the first object-oriented programming language. The programming paradigm where everything is represented as an object.

• Smalltalk is considered the first truly object-oriented programming language.

• The popular object-oriented languages are Java, C#, PHP, Python, C++, etc.

OBJECT

• Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an object. For example, a chair, pen, table, keyboard, bike, etc. It can be physical or logical.

  
  

• An Object can be defined as an instance of a class. An object contains an address and takes up some space in memory.

• Example: A dog is an object because it has states like color, name, breed, etc. as well as behaviors like wagging the tail, barking, eating, etc.

CLASS

• Collection of objects is called class. It is a logical entity.

  
  

  
  

• A class can also be defined as a blueprint from which you can create an individual object.

• Class doesn't consume any space.

ENCAPSULATION

• Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit are known as encapsulation. For example, a capsule, it is wrapped with different medicines.

INHERITANCE

• When one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of a parent object, it is known as inheritance. It provides code reusability. It is used to achieve runtime polymorphism.

• It is useful for code reusability: reuse attributes and methods of an existing class when you create a new class.

​ANIMAL

DOG