revision of unit 3 grade12

any physical injury to the scalp, skull or brain

Closed head injuries are those in which the skull is not broken. 

Open head injuries mean an object has broken the skull. 

If the person is bleeding 

Stop bleeding by pressing a clean dressing on the wound.

skull fracture : Do not apply pressure to a head wound if there is a suspected skull fracture

If the person is bleeding 

Stop bleeding by pressing a clean dressing on the wound.

skull fracture : Do not apply pressure to a head wound if there is a suspected skull fracture

A stroke happens when there is a lack of oxygen getting to the brain. 

a blockage of blood flow

a burst artery that carries blood to the brain.

is when the sugar in the blood (glucose) becomes too low

is anything that someone swallows, breathes in, gets into the eyes or gets on the skin that can cause sickness or death.

Burns and scalds are damage to the skin usually caused by heat. 

Burns can be very painful and may cause:

•red or peeling skin.

•blisters.

•swelling.

1.Stop the burning process as as soon as possible .

2.Remove any clothing jewellery.

3.Cool the burn with cool running water.

4.Keep the injured person warm.

5.Sit up as much as possible if the face or eyes are burnt. 

Blood is pumped through the body by the heart and the blood vessels . This blood carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body.

It means that the blood pressure in the arteries is higher than it should be.

Treatment:

✓ Lifestyle changes: healthy weight, exercise regularly, diet with less salt & low fat

✓ Medications to lower blood pressure

✓ Checking blood pressure regularly 

Atherosclerosis happens when a fatty substance called plaque builds up in the body’s arteries and eventually blocks blood flow. 

If the blockage in the heart: (heart attack) 

If the blockage in the brain: (stroke )