COMPUTER 6
Presentation
•
Computers
•
5th - 6th Grade
•
Hard
Shiela Operana
Used 1+ times
FREE Resource
4 Slides • 0 Questions
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COMPUTER 6
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LESSON 1 : Computer Generation
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As years passed by, the improvement of computers became more and more advanced to
use them easily and accurately. It was in 1965 when Gordon Moore, a pioneer in semiconductors,
predicted that the number of transistors contained in a chip would double each year.
First Generation (1936-1953)
The main technology used in this generation was the vacuum tubes. These are electronic devices
which consist of a glass or steel vacuum tubing and two or more electrodes where the electrons can
move freely between them.
JOHNNIAC. John Von Neuman created the Johnniac which
used the vacuum tubes to operate and store programs.
Second Generation (1954-1962)
In this generation, vacuum tubes were almost entirely replaced by transistors, which are cheaper,
smaller and more reliable. A transistor is a solid-state device that consists of a tiny piece of semi-
conducting material usually germanium or silicon element, to which three or more electrical connection
made.
Transistors. These electronic devices are still used to produced sound
in units such as amplifiers.
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Third Generation (1963-1972)
The third generation of a computer began in the late 1960s, wherein integrated circuits, tiny
transistors, and other electrical components were arrange on a single chip of silicon and had eventually
replaced transistors in computer. As integrated circuits became miniaturized, more components were
designed as a single computer circuit.
Integrated Circuits. A great number or machine
used in telecommunications, commerce, industry,
and transportation owe their improvements to the
integrated circuits.
Fourth Generation (1972- 1984)
Computers in this period differ in the number of devices per chip utilized or used in constructing
the computing elements. At this scale, the entire processors can fit into a single chip. The capacity of the
memory was greatly increased and directly affected the types and functions of the software that can be
used.
The capacity of a computer during these times depend on the number of
chips it has.
Fifth Generation (1984- 1990)
Parallel processing marked the beginning of the fifth generation computers. It is a computer
technique wherein multiple operations can be carried out simultaneously. Parallelism reduces
computational time. For these reason, it is used for intensive applications such as predicting economic
trends or generating visual and special effects for featured films.
The fifth generation introduced parallel
processing, wherein a user can do multiple task at the
same time using, for example, a subnotebook computer.
Sixth Generation (1990- present)
Although it is very hard to establish, the line between this generation and the previous one is the
growth of wide area networking or Network Bandwidth. By the late 1990s, a variety of other technologies
became available which greatly improved the bandwidth to 1.5 mbps (megabyte per second) or more.
Technology. Communication can be considered
as the greatest pillar of this generation. Enhanced by the
World Wide Web, a lot of things can be done with a
single click of a button.
COMPUTER 6
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