Biology - Unit 2 - Evidence of Evolution

Have the same structure but different function.

Have the different structure but same function.

Are remnants (remaining parts) that were important in the organism’s ancestors, but are no longer used in the same way.

The process where groups from a COMMON ancestor evolve and accumulate DIFFERENCES, resulting in the formation of new species. 

The process where organisms NOT CLOSELY related, independently evolve SIMILAR traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments.

You can see in the model that the Human is more closely related to the Chimp, versus being less closely related to the Orangutan.

The Humans, Chimps, and Bonobos are all descendants of the organism marked with the red circle. The Gorillas and Orangutans are NOT.

You can see that the dog diverges at 65 MYA to its own line, different from the pig, cattle, and horse.

B and C have zero differences in amino acids, so they are most closely related.

B and C have zero differences in their Amino Acid sequencing so they are MORE closely related.

Your claim might read like this "Organism E and F are the least closely related".

Your evidence might read like this "Organism E and F have 9 differences in their amino acid sequencing, which is the most in the table, supporting that they are the least closely related".