
Chapter 6 Lesson 1 Cells and Life
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Science
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7th - 9th Grade
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Hard
Mandy Bartholomew
Used 17+ times
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11 Slides • 0 Questions
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Chapter 6 Lesson 1 Cells and Life
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The basic units of all living things are cells.
More than 300 years ago, an English scientist named Robert Hooke built a microscope.
He used the microscope to look at cork, which is part of cork oak tree's bark.
He called the structures cells, from the Latin word cellula, which means "small rooms."
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Cell Theory:
All living things are made of one or more cells.
The cell is the smallest unit of life.
All new cells come form preexiting cells.
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Basic Cell Substances
Macromolecules are substances in cells that are made of smaller parts that are joined together. (Like a train or chain)
Macromolecules form by joining many small molecules together.
Macromolecules cannot function without one of the most importnat substances in cells --- water.
The main ingredient in any cell is water. It makes up more than 70% of a cell's volume and is essential for life.
Water is not only in cells, but also surrounds cells. The water surrounding your cells helps to insulate your body, which maintain homestatis, or a stable internal environment
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Macromolecules
There are four types of macromolecules in cells: nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates.
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Nuclei Acids
Macromolecules that form when long chains of molecules called nucleotides join together.
Nucleic acids are important in cells because they contain genetic information.
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Proteins
Proteins are long chains of amino acid molecules.
The protein amylase in saliva, help break down nutrients in food. Other proteins, such as keratin ---- a protein found in hair, horns, and feathers--- provide structural support.
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Lipids
A lipid is a large macromolecule that does not dissolve in water.
They play an important role as protective barriers in cells.
Examples of lipids are cholesterol, phospholipids, and vitamin A.
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Carbohydrates
A macromolecule made up of one or more sugar molecules, which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; ususally the body's major source of energy.
Examples: breads, pasta
Cellulose is a carbohydrate in cell walls in plants that provides structural support.
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Key Points
The cell theory states that the cell is the basic unit of all living things.
Water is the main ingredient in every cell.
A nucleic acid, such as DNA contains the genetic information for a cell.
Protein is a macromolecule made from amino acids.
Chapter 6 Lesson 1 Cells and Life
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