Atoms, Chemicals, Changes, Acids, & Bases...Oh My!

Matter is anything that has mass (atoms) and takes up space.

This is measured as density

Density is how much matter is packed into a space

Density = Mass/Volume

Matter exists in 4 Phases/States:

Solid, Liquid, Gas, & Plasma

When heat is added, the molecules move faster and change phase up the graph

When heat is removed, the molecules move slower and change phase down the graph

All Matter is made of atoms, molecules & compounds

They are constantly in motion

These properties can be used to identify a substance

The two types of properties are chemical and physical

Are properties that are observed using the senses

Color, texture, shape, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, etc.,

Physical changes are changes involving these properties

Physical changes do not affect the chemical structure of the substance

They usually are phase changes or making mixtures

They can be undone

Are properties that are observed during a chemical reaction

Acidity, Basicity, Reactivity, & Combustibility

Compounds and molecules swap atoms to create new substances

Acids are substances that have a pH of less than 7

Acids have a sour taste

Lemon juice, vinegar, stomach acid, and more

Can corrode or dissolve metals

Reacts with bases (opposite) to neutralize into water and salt

Bases are substances that have a pH of greater than 7

Bases have a bitter taste

Feel slippery

Antacids (tums), baking soda, soap, bleach and more

Reacts with acids (opposite) to neutralize into water and salt

Corrodes certain metals