Ch. 17 Sect 3

• defend the Western Hemisphere from European intervention while managing to keep good relations with Europe

• create new economic opportunities for American Trade with other countries

• Extend the territory of the US through the purchase, annexation, or conquest of other lands

In 1864 Napoleon ​III placed Maximilian I in power in Mexico

1. US sought compensation for the damages its merchant fleet had suffered from commerce raiders during the Civil War

2. An argument between the US and GB over who owned the islands between Vancouver island and Washington state

3. The US and Canada disagreement over fishing rights off the coasts of North America

• US was given $15 million in compensation for damages done by British Commerce raiders

• The US was given possession of the islands between Vancouver island and Washington State

• The US had to pay Canada $5 million for special fishing privileges

1. ​California gold rush

2. ​acquisition of Mexican territories

   1. These two things made America a potential Pacific power

• Hoping to open a door for trade with Japan ​Commodore Matthew Perry was sent to negotiate with Japan in 1853

• ​It was not until 1854 that Commodore Perry was able to reach a trade agreement with Japan

• ​James Blaine was a major promoter of closer relations with Latin American countries

• ​The result of this was Pan Americanism:

  • ​a movement favoring greater cooperation and unity among the nations of the western hemisphere

  • ​The first Pan American Congress met in 1889

• Open Door Policy: The idea that called for all nations to allow free trade in China

• ​Secretary of State John Hay proposed this Open door policy to give American business interest an opportunity to reach the market in China

• ​The Boxer Rebellion began in 1900

Territorial Expansion: imperialism

• Imperialism: the extension of power by one people or country over another people or country

• weaker nation lost its land, independence, and sometimes national identity

• economy was usually reconstructed to benefit those now in control

• invaders were quick to claim their superiority

• brought better medical treatment

• development of natural resources

• improvements in education

• the business owners of Hawaii revolted against Queen Lil in 1893

• Sanford Dole became the President of the Hawaiian nation

• In 1898 Hawaii became a US Territory

The United States went to war with Spain over the Spanish colony of Cuba in 1898 ​

1. ​yellow jounalism

2. ​de Lome letter

3. ​sinking of the Maine

sensationalized news reporting aimed more at attracting readers then reporting the truth

• Pulitzer wrote the New York World

• Randolph wrote New York Journal

Spanish ambassador, denounced President McKinley as "weak and a bidder for the administration of the crowd".

• ​Commander of the US forces Commodore Dewey

• ​result: the destruction of Spanish Sea power in the Pacific, US had control of the Phillipines

• Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt left his position and joined the Army in order to be involved in the War, he was the Lieutenant Colonel of the First American Volunteer Calvary better known as the Rough Riders

• The most famous Battle of the Spanish American war was the Battle of San Juan Hill​

• because is only lasted 4 months

• Only 400 Americans lost their lives fighting

• American came out of the war as a world power, and had created for themselves an empire