FM Exam

What aspect of trustworthiness asks whether the study’s findings are believable or accurate from the participants’ perspective?
a. Transferability
b. Dependability
c. Credibility
d. Confirmability

Which of the following practices helps establish credibility in qualitative research?
a. Thick description
b. Reflexive journaling
c. Member-checking
d. Audit trail

A researcher provides a detailed description of a school’s culture so others can decide if findings apply to their context. Which criterion is this?
a. Transferability
b. Credibility
c. Confirmability
d. Dependability

Which trustworthiness criterion focuses on whether the research process is stable, consistent, and well-documented?
a. Dependability
b. Confirmability
c. Credibility
d. Transferability

Keeping detailed notes, logs, and records of all decisions made during data collection supports which aspect of trustworthiness?
a. Credibility
b. Transferability
c. Dependability
d. Confirmability

Which criterion of trustworthiness ensures that the results truly reflect participants’ experiences and not the researcher’s bias?
a. Transferability
b. Credibility
c. Confirmability
d. Dependability

Writing about personal biases and reflections in a research diary is a strategy to enhance:
a. Credibility
b. Dependability
c. Confirmability
d. Transferability

“Thick description” is most closely associated with which trustworthiness criterion?
a. Credibility
b. Dependability
c. Transferability
d. Confirmability

Which combination of techniques strengthens credibility in qualitative studies?
a. Audit trail and reflexive journaling
b. Member-checking and triangulation
c. Thick description and field notes
d. Peer review and data coding

What is the main goal of confirmability in qualitative research?
a. To verify the study’s accuracy through replication
b. To ensure findings emerge from participants, not researcher bias
c. To provide enough detail for generalization
d. To document consistency in the research process