Unit 8 Though Shall not Forget

The pH of acids is less than 7, and the pH of bases is greater than 7.

The pH of pure water is 7 at 25°C.

Acids donate [H+]; bases accept [H+].

The hydronium ion is H3O+.

[H+] is a proton.

Strong acids include HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4, HBr, HI, and HCl.

Strong bases include Group 1 hydroxides and Group 2 hydroxides.

pH = −log [H+] and [H+] = 10^(−pH).

The stronger the acid, the weaker its conjugate base.

Acid-base reactions favor the direction from the strong side to the weak side.