Dzongs and Their Evolution in Bhutan

A Dzong is a large, fortified structure, often a fortress or a fortified monastery, used for defense and administration.

1. Fortified Monasteries 2. Palace Dzongs 3. Castle Dzongs

Punakha Dzong, Thimphu Dzong.

Wangdue Choling Dzong in Bumthang.

Drapham Dzong in Bumthang, Zhongkhar Dzong in Mongar.

The tradition dates back to the late 12th century with the construction of Chelkha Dzong in 1194.

Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyal.

Dzongs served both religious and administrative purposes.

Local materials such as stone, wood, and mud.

Square or rectangular layout surrounded by fortification walls, with courtyards, residential units, assembly halls, temples, and a central tower.