Solubility

Solubility is the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature and pressure.

A saturated solution is one in which no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature; any additional solute will remain undissolved.

An unsaturated solution is one that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

A supersaturated solution contains more solute than can normally dissolve at a given temperature; it is unstable and can precipitate.

A solute is the substance that is dissolved in a solution.

A solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved, typically present in greater amount.

Factors affecting solubility include temperature, pressure, and the nature of the solute and solvent.

Generally, the solubility of solids increases with an increase in temperature.

The solubility of gases typically decreases with an increase in temperature.

A homogeneous mixture is a mixture that has a uniform composition throughout, such as saltwater.