Physics - Final Exam Fall 2024

The period of a pendulum is affected by the length of the pendulum and the acceleration due to gravity, which varies depending on the planet.

The friction force depends on the normal force acting on the object and the nature of the contact surface. It does not depend on the speed of the object.

If a wave has a greater frequency, the number of waves per second increases.

Momentum (p) is calculated using the formula: $$p = m \times v$$ , where m is mass and v is velocity.

Change in momentum (Δp) is calculated as: $$\triangle p = p_{final} - p_{initial}$$ .

Amplitude is the maximum displacement of points on a wave from its rest position.

The relationship is given by the equation: $$v = f \times \text{λ}$$ , where v is wave speed, f is frequency, and λ is wavelength.

The principle states that in a closed system, the total momentum before an event is equal to the total momentum after the event.

The gravitational force between two objects increases with the mass of the objects and decreases with the square of the distance between them, as described by Newton's law of universal gravitation.

Kinetic energy (KE) is the energy of an object in motion, calculated using the formula: $$KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$$ .