Flashcard Practice: 2 way tables & Conditional Probability

A two-way table is a statistical table that displays the frequency distribution of variables. It allows for the analysis of the relationship between two categorical variables.

Conditional probability is the probability of an event occurring given that another event has already occurred. It is denoted as P(A|B), which means the probability of A given B.

To calculate conditional probability, use the formula: P(A|B) = P(A and B) / P(B), where P(A and B) is the probability of both events occurring.

Two events are independent if the occurrence of one event does not affect the occurrence of the other. In this case, P(A|B) = P(A).

Two events are dependent if the occurrence of one event affects the occurrence of the other. In this case, P(A|B) ≠ P(A).

The formula is P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B).

P(Dog|Cat) = P(Dog and Cat) / P(Cat) = 0.18 / 0.30 = 0.60 or 60%.

Surveys are used to collect data from a sample of individuals to make inferences about a larger population.

Joint probability is the probability of two events occurring at the same time, denoted as P(A and B).

A two-way table can be interpreted by analyzing the frequencies and calculating probabilities to understand the relationship between the two variables.