Physics Semester 1 Final alt.

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by a net external force.

Net torque is the sum of all torques acting on an object, which determines the object's rotational motion.

An object is speeding up if the slope of the position vs time graph is increasing.

Displacement is the shortest distance from the initial to the final position of an object, including direction.

Frictional force depends on the nature of the surfaces in contact and the normal force acting between them.

Force (F) = mass (m) × acceleration (a).

Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest and the net force and net torque acting on it are both zero.

Dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving at a constant velocity and the net force acting on it is zero.

Speed is a scalar quantity representing how fast an object moves, while velocity is a vector quantity that includes both speed and direction.

The total energy in a closed system remains constant; energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed.