Introduction to Trig.

Sine (sin) is the ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the hypotenuse. Formula: sin(θ) = Opposite/Hypotenuse.

Cosine (cos) is the ratio of the length of the adjacent side to the length of the hypotenuse. Formula: cos(θ) = Adjacent/Hypotenuse.

Tangent (tan) is the ratio of the length of the side opposite the angle to the length of the adjacent side. Formula: tan(θ) = Opposite/Adjacent.

SOH CAH TOA is a mnemonic to remember the definitions of sine, cosine, and tangent: Sine = Opposite/Hypotenuse, Cosine = Adjacent/Hypotenuse, Tangent = Opposite/Adjacent.

The formula is: Adjacent = Hypotenuse * cos(θ).

The formula is: Opposite = Hypotenuse * sin(θ).

Tangent ratio can be found using the formula: tan(θ) = Opposite/Adjacent.

In a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse (c) is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides (a and b). This is known as the Pythagorean theorem: c² = a² + b².