AP Biology Unit 2

Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes to break down waste materials and cellular debris.

The Fluid Mosaic Model describes the cell membrane structure, emphasizing its flexible nature and the presence of various proteins and lipids.

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, which are involved in protein synthesis, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes and is involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Plasmodesmata are channels that allow for communication and transport of materials between plant cells.

Food is moved into the cell by endocytosis, a process where the cell membrane engulfs material to bring it inside.

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

The Golgi complex modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that allow for direct communication between adjacent cells.

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and maintaining homeostasis.