3.2 Ionic Bonds

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs when one atom transfers electrons to another atom, resulting in the formation of charged ions that attract each other.

When an atom loses electrons, it becomes positively charged and is called a cation.

When an atom gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged and is called an anion.

The charge of a sodium ion (Na¹⁺) is +1, indicating it has lost one electron.

The charge of a fluoride ion (F^1-) is -1, indicating it has gained one electron.

The formula for the compound formed between sodium and fluoride is NaF.

Anions are negatively charged ions that are formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Cations are positively charged ions that are formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Hydrogen is considered a non-metal.

The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have eight electrons in their outermost shell, achieving a stable electron configuration.